Gender refers to the socially determined roles and responsibilities of women and men. It is not because of biological differences but is a concept about how society sees individuals as men and women, how they perceive them, and how they expect them to behave. Contrary to biological sex, gender difference occurs due to social configuration and may change over time (Akın, 2007). Every society gradually transforms a male or female into a man and woman with different qualities, behavior patterns, roles, responsibilities, rights, and expectations. Unlike the biological sex, the gender identities of males and females are determined psychologically and sociologically, that is, historically and culturally (Gülay & Bener, 2011). Gender is hierarchical and produces social and economic inequalities. In this context, it is needed to touch upon the concepts of gender equality and equity. Gender equality refers to the non-discrimination in benefitting from opportunities, the allocation and use of resources, and the provision of services due to one’s gender. Gender equity, on the other hand, is fairness and equity in the distribution of responsibilities and earnings between men and women (Akın, 2007). Throughout history, the inability of women to benefit from gender equality and equity has highlighted the concept of women’s rights in almost every society. Many rights demanded by women are not actually privileged rights specific to women but the ones that every man and woman should have from birth: human rights. Indeed, the United Nations (UN) declares that gender equality is a fundamental human right and that gender equality is among the inevitable conditions for the success of internationally approved development goals. It also claims that women worldwide are among the disadvantaged groups due to their limited access to education, suitable employment, and less access to essential resources and services (UN, 2018).
Uzm.Dr.Sevinç (PEHLİVAN) SÜTLÜ
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376077603_POLICIES_ON_GENDER_EQUALITY
Comments
Post a Comment